- Researchers identified AKT1, ASNS, and SHC1 as potential biomarkers for nonobstructive azoospermia.
- All three genes demonstrated diagnostic signal across training and validation data sets.
- Functional analyses linked the genes to spermatogenesis, chromosome organization, and DNA repair pathways.
- Immune-cell analyses suggested possible involvement of immune dysregulation in nonobstructive azoospermia.
- Findings were based on small tissue-based data sets and do not yet support clinical use.
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