Recent research indicates that Peyer’s patch B cells are integral to the production of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) autoantibodies, a hallmark of celiac disease. Utilizing a mouse model that expresses HLA-DQ2.5, researchers found that TG2-specific B cells can directly capture TG2 from the gut lumen, facilitated by collaboration with gluten-specific CD4+ T cells. Their findings propose a mechanism for the anti-TG2 IgA autoantibody response, highlighting potential new avenues for celiac disease therapies, including B-cell-focused strategies and TG2 enzyme inhibitors.

Source: Gastroenterology