Recent data indicates a potential link between the use of acid-suppression therapies, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), and generic antacids, and an increased prevalence of migraines and severe headaches.

The study, published in Neurology Clinical Practice, leveraged existing data to further explore a possible link to headaches and determine whether dietary adjustments, specifically magnesium intake, might mitigate these adverse effects.

Out of 11,818 surveyed U.S. adults, those using any form of acid-suppression therapy showed significantly higher odds of experiencing migraines or severe headaches. PPI users reported a 70% higher incidence, H2RA users 40%, and those using generic antacids saw a 30% increase. Although the risk difference among the therapy types was not statistically significant, a notable interaction between H2RA use and magnesium intake suggested a potential mitigating effect of magnesium.

The study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 1999 and 2004, focusing on adults who reported using acid-suppression therapies. Migraine and severe headache occurrences were identified through self-reports, verified during the survey. Dietary magnesium intake was assessed using a 24-hour recall interview. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to explore the associations, with interaction tests conducted to assess the impact of magnesium intake.
 
The findings support the notion that not only PPIs but also other forms of acid-suppression medications might contribute to migraines and severe headaches, according to study investigators. The results are consistent with prior studies and highlight a need for prospective research to further define these risks. Given the recent advisories on PPI deprescribing, health care providers should consider these potential adverse effects when treating patients prone to migraines.