Objective:

To analyze the PREVENT equations specifically for estimating cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk based on age and combinations of risk factors.

Key Findings:

• 10-year CVD risk increases significantly with age, ranging from 0.3% at age 30 to 17.4% at age 79 for females, and from 0.7% to 22.8% for males.
• Clinically relevant risk thresholds exceed 7.5% at age 68 for females and 63 for males with average risk factors.
• High-risk conditions like stage 3 CKD and diabetes can lead to exceeding the 10-year risk threshold at much younger ages, highlighting the urgency for early intervention.
• 30-year risk estimates are substantially higher than 10-year estimates, indicating the importance of long-term risk assessment, especially in younger patients.

Interpretation:

The findings underscore the significance of clustering risk factors, particularly those related to cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health, in influencing CVD risk estimates.

Limitations:

• The study utilized hypothetical patient scenarios, which may not accurately represent real-world risk factor combinations, potentially limiting the generalizability of the findings.

Conclusion:

The PREVENT equations can aid clinicians and patients in understanding CVD risk and inform preventive strategies.