- Simple risk stratification tool: A 4-item, self-reported score can meaningfully stratify firearm violence risk, with a clear dose–response relationship across score categories.
- Useful in general ED populations: Predictive performance was demonstrated in patients presenting for any reason—not just assault injuries—supporting broader screening use.
- Actionable thresholds: A score >0 offers high sensitivity (≈83%) for identifying at-risk patients, while higher thresholds (>4) improve positive predictive value for targeting intensive interventions.
- Adds value beyond routine data: The SaFETy score improves prediction beyond standard triage variables and even detailed mental health/substance use data, suggesting it captures unique risk information.
- Supports prevention opportunities: ED visits represent a key opportunity for screening and intervention, particularly given that many at-risk patients do not present with violent injuries.
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