5 Key Takeaways

• 1

  Low-dose caffeine supplementation may improve aerobic time-trial performance in healthy adults, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis.

• 2

  The review included 48 randomized, placebo-controlled trials with 689 participants aged 18 to 59 years, focusing on time-to-completion outcomes.

• 3

  Low-dose caffeine (1.3-3 mg/kg) and moderate-dose caffeine (4-6 mg/kg) were both associated with reduced completion times in aerobic time-trials.

• 4

  The study highlighted interindividual variability in caffeine responsiveness, particularly related to genetic factors affecting metabolism.

• 5

  The authors called for future research to evaluate the risk-benefit profile of high-dose caffeine and its effects on performance and adverse events.