- Late preterm antenatal betamethasone exposure was not associated with differences in the primary composite outcome of childhood respiratory impairment at age 6 years or older.
- Ever having wheezing or whistling in the chest was less common in children exposed to betamethasone vs placebo (40.7% vs 45.5%).
- Children from the ALPS cohort had higher rates of wheezing during or after exercise compared with term-born controls regardless of treatment assignment.
- The study enrolled fewer participants than planned because of recruitment challenges and the COVID-19 pandemic, although the observed primary outcome rate provided more than 90% power to detect a 30% relative difference in the primary outcome.
- Secondary analyses were exploratory and not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
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