A recent study published in The Journal of Physiology found that menstrual cycle phase does not significantly affect muscle protein synthesis or myofibrillar protein breakdown in response to resistance exercise. The study involved 12 premenopausal women and utilized rigorous methods to measure protein turnover. The findings challenge the notion that the follicular phase may be more advantageous for muscle anabolism due to higher estrogen levels, with important implications for female athletes and exercise science research.