- Study population: 31,828 elective surgery patients under general anesthesia.
- Main outcome: PEP occurred in 212 patients, or 0.67%.
- Risk factors included advanced age, male sex, BMI <18.5, impaired consciousness, and reduced ADL.
- PEP occurred more frequently than ventilator-associated pneumonia.
- The study calls for clearer recognition of PEP and targeted preventive strategies.
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