- Patients with RRMS showed distinct oral microbial and salivary metabolite profiles.
- Gram-positive species like Streptococcus and Actinomyces were reduced.
- Gram-negative bacteria including Prevotella and Fusobacterium nucleatum increased.
- Salivary hypotaurine levels were lower in patients with RRMS.
- These changes suggest disrupted oral microbiome–metabolite interactions.
- Researchers noted hypotaurine may serve as a potential biomarker for RRMS.
Source: npj biofilms and microbioms
