1. GLP-1 RA and SGLT2 reduced the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in patients with type 2 diabetes. 
2. Both medication classes showed no statistically significant difference in efficacy. 
3. Neuroprotective effects of GLP-1 RAs include reduced neuroinflammation and improved insulin signaling. 
4. Study limitations include potential residual confounding and a regional-based population. 
5. "We found about 33 to 43% lower risk associated with these two treatments," said senior study author Jingchuan Guo, MD.

Source: JAMA Neurology