A nationwide nested case-control study in Denmark found that the use of anticholinergic bladder drugs was associated with an increased risk of dementia, with a dose-response relationship observed. Tolterodine, solifenacin, trospium, and fesoterodine were specifically linked to increased dementia risk. However, no increased risk of dementia was observed when compared with the beta-3 agonist mirabegron. The study utilized active comparators and emphasized the need for further investigation into the long-term cognitive effects of these medications.