A recent cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of sleep and mental health disorders in current and former athletes, focusing on help-seeking behaviors. The survey included 946 athletes (52.7% women, 47.3% men) from various sports and competition levels across seven countries. Seven non-binary participants were excluded from analysis due to small sample size.

The results showed comparable rates of mental health disorders in current athletes (39.3%) and former athletes (42.0%), contrary to the initial hypothesis. Women reported a higher prevalence of mental health disorders compared to men (46.3% vs. 32.9%; odds ratio = 1.82, P < .001). Specifically, women reported higher rates of anxiety, depression, and eating disorders.

Sleep disorders were reported by 25.4% of current athletes and 30.9% of former athletes, with no significant difference between men (27.0%) and women (26.3%). Men reported higher rates of obstructive sleep apnea and frequent urination, while women reported higher rates of bruxism and nightmares/vivid dreams.

Gender differences in help-seeking behaviors were found for sleep disorders. Men were less likely to seek help from psychologists compared to women (8.4% vs. 26.2%; P < .001), but more likely to consult sleep physicians (29.0% vs. 12.1%). No significant gender differences were observed in help-seeking behaviors for mental health disorders.

The study included athletes from amateur to professional levels. Current athletes were younger on average than former athletes (34.1 ± 15.0 years vs. 38.6 ± 14.0 years).

Of the participants, 17.0% reported having both sleep and mental health disorders. Those with comorbid disorders reported more frequent functional impairments compared to those with only one disorder.

Based on these findings, the authors suggest continued support for athletes post-retirement.

The study was published in Australian Psychologist, and the authors reported no conflicts of interest.