A controlled study found that sleep duration, sample timing, and physical exercise can impact the blood levels of proteins used to assess cardiovascular risk in healthy young men. Short-term changes in sleep and activity can shift proteomic profiles linked to increased risks of heart failure, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation. Morning-to-evening variation and exercise-induced protein level changes were observed, emphasizing the need to consider sleep history and sampling time when interpreting cardiovascular biomarkers.

Source: Biomarker Research