In a cross-sectional analysis of 49 older patients with atrial fibrillation, greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with higher circulating levels of the mitochondrial microproteins Humanin and SHMOOSE and with lower oxidative stress markers, particularly soluble Nox2-derived peptide. Humanin levels were inversely associated with oxidative stress, suggesting a potential link between mitochondrial signaling and Nox2-mediated pathways relevant to cardioprotection.

Source: Frontiers in Nutrition