The editorial examined sex-based disparities in antimicrobial dosing for sepsis.

Standardized antibiotic protocols often ignore pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic sex differences.

Women have higher body fat, lower muscle mass, and hormonal variations affecting drug metabolism.

Women experience up to 30% more adverse drug reactions than men.

Current renal function estimates underestimate glomerular filtration rate in women, risking dosing errors.

Younger men often have augmented renal clearance, leading to underdosing of renally excreted antibiotics.

Researchers urged integrating sex and gender data into pharmacologic modeling and clinical trials to improve care.