- Passive lower-limb heating at 42°C can improve exercise endurance in patients with heart failure.
- Participants who immersed their legs in hot water walked a significantly longer distance in an endurance shuttle walk test.
- Femoral artery blood flow and tissue oxygenation were higher following heating.
- Passive heat therapy may serve as a nonpharmacologic intervention to enhance exercise capacity in patients with heart failure.
- Future studies are needed to determine the long-term effects of repeated heating sessions on exercise rehabilitation.
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