Chronic exposure to air pollutants, specifically PM2.5 and NO2, is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in non-smokers, particularly during the first decade of exposure. Elevated levels of fibrinogen and factor VIII were observed in participants with higher PM2.5 exposure. The study emphasized the significant impact of air pollution on VTE risk, highlighting the need for measures to mitigate the health effects of air pollutants.